To achieve chemical safety maintenance not only ensures the safety of maintenance operations to prevent major accidents and protect workers' safety and health: but also can promote the maintenance work on time, according to the quality, quantity and complete, to ensure the quality of the equipment maintenance operation, the equipment put into operation stable operation, operation rate, to prevent accidents and pollution of the environment, create favorable conditions for the safe production. For this reason, be sure to do the maintenance before the first stop maintenance and repair of security technologies before handling security technology after stopping treatment.
1, the maintenance of security technology before stopping treatment
Parking program, once established, should be determined strictly in accordance with parking parking program time, steps, process variation increases, and the parking operation to confirm the order table, organized, orderly manner. Plant parking stage was smooth or not, on the one hand affect the safety, equipment maintenance operations on the other hand will affect the security for the timely and safe maintenance of quality. The main safety device Parking technical processing are as follows:
1.1 in strict accordance with pre-parking program parking
In accordance with maintenance plans and procedures and with the relevant section in the upper and lower (such as boiler rooms, power distribution room, etc.) to maintain close contact, stop the program in strict accordance with the procedure laid down stop equipment operation.
1.2 relief moderate to slow
Relief operation should be carried out slowly, until the pressure is not to vent do not dismantled equipment.
Materials must be emptied within 1.3 unit, processing
Residual material in the discharge, you must look at discharge, unable to make the flammable, explosive, toxic, corrosive materials, sewer or discharged to any row of people on the ground, but to the designated place of safety equipment or storage tank emissions or residual material in the pipeline, in order to avoid an accident or pollution. At the same time, equipment, pipe material should be as empty, the net pumping, discharge of combustible and toxic gases such as can not be exclusive to the collection using the torch burning or other treatment.
1.4 appropriate temperature control, reduce the amount of speed
Cooling, reducing the amount of speed the process requirements should be conducted to prevent the deformation of high-temperature equipment, damage and other accidents. Such as high temperature equipment cooling, not the direct cooling with cold water immediately, but should cut off the heat after the appropriate amount of ventilation and natural cooling. Cooling, reducing the amount of speed not too fast, especially in high temperature conditions, the temperature, the material will result in dramatic changes in the amount of equipment and pipe deformation, rupture, causing explosive, toxic media leaks or explosion or fire resulting poisoning.
1.5 speed not too fast on the valve
Open the valve, open the valve to stop after the first two buckle moment, a small amount of materials through to observe the flow of material, and then gradually turn up the valve, until the requirement. Open the steam valve to the attention of the warm-up pipeline, condensate and water hit the other row.
1.6 high-temperature vacuum equipment parking steps
High-temperature vacuum equipment parking, you must first remove the vacuum until the temperature of the medium within the device dropped to below the ignition point, be connected with the atmosphere to prevent combustion air into the lead, blasting accident.
1.7 shutdown operations in strict accordance with the provisions of technical rules
Shutdown operations should be strictly in accordance with the provisions of the cooling process of order curve, note the parts of the burner flame of the furnace temperature uniformity effects. Not fully extinguish the fire or the furnace mouth temperature is higher, shall not be drained and low discharge condensate, combustible gas into the furnace so as not to cause accidents.
Meanwhile, the plant parking, the operator in a relatively short period of time to switch a lot of valves and instrumentation, in order to avoid errors, we must pay close attention to various parts of the temperature, pressure, flow, level and other parameters change.
2, completely cut off the source of the device within the media
Into the inner workings of chemical equipment, the equipment must be shutdown, when the cut-off of individual equipment to protect all the media can not occur within the drain. Because prolonged use of equipment, many of the devices connected to pipe valve switch is not in place, there will be leakage phenomenon, especially in the gas valve. Maintenance personnel access to equipment operation, and if not carefully checking the pipeline in case of leakage, leakage phenomenon, especially gas, ammonia, acid gas, high pressure gas, benzene and other inflammable, explosive, high-temperature, high pressure substances leakage. Will result in a fire, explosion, burns, poisoning and other serious accidents, the consequences could be disastrous, so the craft personnel must carefully verify all pipes connected to the device, some flammable, explosive, toxic, high temperature, high pressure valve in the pipeline media after (near the tower side) plus blind.
3, replacement of equipment within the toxic and harmful gases
Of toxic, hazardous, flammable, explosive gas equipment replacement. Generally used for replacement of gas with nitrogen, steam, to give priority to replacement with nitrogen. Because the steam temperature is higher, after the replacement, but also to cool the tower, the temperature dropped to room temperature within the device. For some high-temperature liquid equipment, venting should be considered first, then use cold water to fight the cold material or the way the device down to room temperature. Of pressure relief devices to be used the method, so that the gas pressure down to atmospheric pressure equipment.
4, the correct removal manhole
Maintenance equipment in the media cut off, replacement, cooling, pressure and other processes, to conduct rigorous confirmation testing to ensure the safety of the demolition and then into the hole for the liquid equipment, borrowing holes, to demolition of the angle bolts, split bolt to the last four pairs of angles, to slowly demolished, and people try to avoid the side hole to prevent the liquid smoke injuries. For flammable and explosive substances in equipment, gas welding and cutting bolts absolutely prohibited. Severe corrosion of bolts to use for cutting handsaw. Crude oil tank and other equipment for the new hole is located on the novice or open holes in the case, absolutely prohibit the use of gas welding, cutting or grinding wheel, using a certain ratio to the concentration of sulfuric acid, sealed with wax around the opening of a new means of manhole, hand hole.
5, the right dress Labor
Labor protection can not simply put on overalls, chemical equipment into the internal operations; Labor must play a protective role, there is a certain protection requirements. In the flammable, explosive devices, the anti-static overalls should be worn to dress neatly, buttons to fasten, to prevent sparks from static electricity, or corrosive material contacts skin, clothing pocket inside can not carry sharp corners or metal tools, some small tools such as angle ruler, etc. must be loaded into a dedicated tool bag.
Helmet must ensure that the buckle cable tight cap, hats and head wear suitable, due to construction equipment within the work space, it may meet the phenomenon, but also to ensure the cap core and cap must be left between the shell gap, to prevent falling objects against hat cap after the cap core can not be played with the head separated from the direct pressure in the head cap shell damage. Therefore, to leave enough cap core internal buffer distance.
The right to wear gloves, some acids, alkalis and other corrosive to wear the device operating within the anti-acid and alkali corrosion gloves, gloves bad to be replaced, especially in the summer of Practice sweat more, will reduce the insulation gloves performance and slipping phenomenon, it should be much better prepared several pairs of gloves.
Safety shoes to drop the use of anti-static and anti-special shoes. The bulk of worn shoes, shoes should be sewn, do not use nail system, taking into account non-slip performance, laces to tie, to ensure easy walking.
Work in the conditions of the tower, try to lay the operating range of the bottom of some asbestos or rubber, so that the slip and cut off direct contact with people and equipment.
Chemical equipment maintenance before the above security technology for the chemical processing equipment, maintenance operations can be carried out smoothly to provide a good working environment, to ensure the safety and maintenance maintenance operations after the normal operation of the device to provide a reliable guarantee.
Determine the characteristics of chemical production equipment maintenance operations, chemical operations with complex, highly technical, risk characteristics, only in maintenance before a series of chemical plant security technology processing, eliminate the dangers that may exist to ensure maintenance jobs smoothly, to ensure maintenance of quality, create good conditions for the safe production.
